How does the setting reflect the character?

In The Catcher in the Rye by J.D. Salinger, the setting takes place in 1949 just after world war 2, the most catastrophic war. This leaves behind a very sad and mournful taste in many people's lives which causes reflects on Holden's actions and thoughts.

The setting, in this case, reflects Holden because he has a very depressed and dreary mindset when leaving his private school in Pennsylvania, Pencey Prep. This is evident because when he leaves, he immediately goes into the lively city of New York, which is ironic because the atmosphere of New York is the exact opposite of Holden. Then, he tries to connect with his friends and family, but it doesn't work which further enforces the dark atmosphere of the setting.

This shows pathetic fallacy because the emotion of the war and his situation reflects on him through his actions of highering a prostitute, which shows him poorly making a decision in regret and depressed. Lastly, the environment around him reflects that he is a lonely character, like when he calls up his family, but nobody answers or when he asks the cab driver for a drink be he refuses, and when his date gets upset with him and leaves him.